HyVis Hydrogen Storage System
Technical Field of the Invention:
This invention aims to provide a solution for risk-free hydrogen storage, thereby facilitating the increased use of hydrogen energy as a transition source for various mobile applications, including transportation and industries.
Introduction and Background
The global transition of energy sources is currently addressing several significant issues. These include the need for quantitative and qualitative final energy sources for energy transition, the underutilisation of the hydrogen economy, and the urgency for policy implementation to achieve net neutrality. The search for alternative energy sources for globalised neutralisation and implementing a hydrogen economy in industries and countries based on their carbon footprint are also crucial concerns. One of the main reasons for using hydrogen is to curb the current global carbon dioxide emissions, primarily caused by the exploitation of carbon-based energy sources. These sources account for approximately 73.4 % of the total global emissions, distributed across industrial energy, transport, energy used in buildings, unallocated fuel combustion, fugitive energy emissions, and agricultural and fishing energy uses.
Due to the imperative global energy transition crisis, hydrogen storage and adsorption technologies are becoming popular with the growing hydrogen economy. Recently, complex hydrides have been one of the most reliable materials for storing and transporting hydrogen gas to various fuel cells to generate clean energy with zero carbon emissions. With the ever-increasing carbon emissions, it is necessary to substitute the current energy sources with green hydrogen-based efficient energy-integrated systems. Hydrogen storage plays a crucial role in the integration of hydrogen integration systems as hydrogen has a higher energy content per mass than any fuel as well as the containment of such energy content fuel requires hydrogen storage, which also helps in the decoupling of hydrogen production. For hydrogen storage, there are several possibilities, which involve high-pressure tanks, liquid oxygen carrier tanks, adsorption, and absorption hydrogen storage methods. With the rapid development of hydrogen storage, we still don’t have significant industry-level storage to commercialise hydrogen rapidly. There is also an urgent need to not only generate hydrogen, but it should also be sustainable.
Brief Description of the Drawings
The drawing figures elucidated are engineered to represent a hydrogen storage system embodied with the fundamental principle of maximum risk-free hydrogen storage capacity in the same volume of vessels for mobile applications concerning the invention.
Detailed Description of the Drawings
1. The conventional sphere (13) vessels contain a uniform pressure with constant hydrogen storage capacity. Based on the HyVis Hydrogen Storage Vessel, there is an increase of 18% in surface area around the storage vessel, giving more storage capacity to hydrogen.
2. Through the increase in the surface area, as the storage capacity of hydrogen increases through metal hydrides, there is also a stable increase in the stability of the hydrogen.
3. This design contains a multilayer unit of Perforated Stainless Steel, Reinforced glass, Cellulose Acetate Phalate- Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite and Variable Metal Hydrides (based on requirement) (Lithium Alanates, Lithium Amides, Magnesium Alanates, Magnesium Amides, Calcium Alanates and Calcium Amides). All layers are integrated to stabilise physical and chemical hydrogen adsorption. For a 28.7 m radius sphere (100L), the width of stainless steel, reinforced glass, CAP-GO and Metal Hydrides are 1.5m, 1m, 1m, and 1.5 m, respectively. The proportions can be altered by direct proportions with the width based on industrial requirements.
4. This vessel contains 60 cones (8) protruding out at a 60o angle and includes the same integrated layers to maximise the adsorption and stability of hydrogen for mobile applications.
5. Along with multiple layers to ensure safe hydrogen storage, there are 4 autocut sensors (2), 2 temperature sensors (3), 2 pressure sensors (4), and 2 relative humidity (5) sensors attached to the HyVis Hydrogen Storage Vessel.
6. To ensure maximum safety, auto-cut sensors are installed in a suddenly varied temperature and pressure which is not in the range of pressure ranges (250-300 bar) and temperature ranges (20-40℃), the gas supply of hydrogen from the production unit to the storage tank will be stopped through valves. This helps to ensure no hydrogen leaks or exploding of the storage vessels, making for smooth hydrogen transfer for mobile applications.
7. A TRPD (Thermal Relief Pressure Device) and Multi-Pressure Flow Controllers help store risk-free hydrogen in the vessel and transfer the hydrogen gas flow to the respective application unit for its working through valves (1,6,7) via hydrogen energy. This also allows the storage vessel to also act as a recharging station for hydrogen mobile applications.
8. The cones (15,16,17,18) are attached to the sphere vessel (14,19) in a screw-like structure containing vulcanised rubber to ensure leak-proof hydrogen storage with increased surface area. The sphere has holes similar to the circumference of the screw-like structure at the bottom of the cones from where they are fitted. The screw-like structure is identical to the total width of the layers inside the sphere vessel to ensure a uniform pressure and temperature environment for stable-risk-free hydrogen storage structurally fabricated.
Claims
1. The HyVis integrated industrial hydrogen storage facility comprised of
Wherein the hydrogen stored in the vessel has maximum stability due to increased surface area compared to the conventional hydrogen storage system, and there is a minimum risk for storage due to advanced autocut sensors and vulcanized rubber for coating spikes and spheres of the storage vessel.
2. The HyVis Storage System is a state-of-the-art system not used for hydrogen storage in mobile applications. It is an entirely novel structure.
3. The HyVis Storage System, as defined in Claim 1 and Claim 2, further comprises a multi-flow controller to demonstrate the multi-flow of hydrogen from the production unit to the storage unit and storage unit to applications acting as a recharging system.
4. Based on the HyVis Storage System defined in Claim 1 and Claim 2, vulcanised rubber is a mediator of leak-free hydrogen storage. It ensures air-tight manufacture of the HyVis Storage System.
5. Based on the HyVis Storage System defined in Claim 1 and Claim 2, relative humidity sensors also act as a leak indicator based on values indicated in the sensor.
6. Based on the HyVis Storage System defined in Claim 1 and Claim 2, all the sensors are interconnected to one another based on IoT applications. Through the values of sensors, autocut sensors are integrated, which act upon any discrepancies in the ranges of values pre-defined in the sensors.
7. Based on the HyVis Storage System defined in Claim 1 and Claim 2, all the storage cones significantly increase the surface through which the stability and the hydrogen storage capacity increase.
8. Based on the HyVis Storage System defined in Claim 1 and Claim 2, hydrogen’s chemical and physical adsorption only occurs at the metal hydride layer; the rest of the layers act as explosive and high-resistance pressure layers to keep hydrogen stable during the hydrogen storage dynamics.
9. Upon further multidisciplinary applications, the HyVis Hydrogen Storage System can also be used for several high-pressure gases that need to be stored risk-free and have higher stability than conventional gas storage systems.
10. Upon minor modifications in the structure of the HyVis Hydrogen Storage Vessel, the system could be converted into a working batch reactor with maximum surface area, which could be used in carbon capture and microbial fuel cell applications, etc.